Carol is a Professor of Economics in the Department of Management and Imperial College Business School, London. She joined the Business School as Professor of Economics in 2007 and was Head of the Healthcare Management group from 2007-2010. More recently she has held an ESRC Professorial Fellowship in the School since 2012. She is currently the Associate Dean for Faculty and Research in Imperial College Business School.
Before coming to Imperial, she held appointments at the University of Bristol (where she was a cofounder and director of the Centre for Market and Public Organisation); at the LSE (where she was Co-Director of the Centre for the Analysis of Social Exclusion 1997-2007); as Chair of the ESRC research grants board 2005-2009 and member of the ESRC Council 2005-9; as Advisor to the Chief Executive of the NHS 1993-4; as a member of the Royal Economic Society Council 2001-5 and as a member of the Council of the Royal Economic Society. She is a research fellow of CEPR, Europe’s network of leading economists, and a Research Fellow of the Institute of Fiscal Studies.
Carol was awarded a CBE for her services to social science in 2010 and elected as a fellow of the British Academy in 2014 (one of only two FBAs at Imperial College).
Her research interests are the impact of incentives on the quality and productivity of healthcare, the impact of environmental factors on health, and the effect of market incentives on the production of public service. She has published was awarded the Arrow Award for the best paper worldwide in the field of health economics in 2011 and the American Economic Association 2016 prize for the best paper published in the American Economic Journal: Policy.
Education
PhD (Smith-Kline Award) Economics, University of York, 1988
PhD Courses Economics, University of Toronto, 1983
MSc (SSRC Award) Social Research and Social Policy, University of Oxford, 1981
BSc (Honours) Economics and Economic History, University of Bristol, 1977
This paper reviews what is known about socio-economic inequalities in health care in England, with particular attention to inequalities relative to need that may be considered unfair (‘inequities’).
We exploit wage regulation to examine the impact of pay on school performance and analyse data from over 3000 schools containing around 200,000 teachers who educate around half a million children per year.
We examine the effect of survey measurement error on the empirical relationship between child mental health and personal and family characteristics, and between child mental health and educational progress.
They examine whether height in children causally affects a wide range of outcomes and use children's genetic variants as instrumental variables for child height. The results suggest that height is an important factor in human capital accumulation and show that being tall may not only confer advantage but also disadvantage.
The use of genetic markers as instrumental variables (IV) is receiving increasing attention from economists. This paper examines the conditions that need to be met for genetic variants to be used as instruments.
This review examines the performance of the UK healthcare system. After presenting data on the level and distribution of resources, three topics are examined.
